A Latelang ke Mabaka a Tloaelehileng haholo a ho Tsamaisa Casing Selibeng:
sireletsa li-aquifers tsa metsi a hloekileng (ka holim'a casing)
fana ka matla a ho kenya lisebelisoa tsa hantle, ho kenyelletsa le BOPs
fana ka botšepehi ba khatello e le hore lisebelisoa tsa li-wellhead, ho kenyeletsa le BOP, li ka koaloa
koala lintho tse dutlang kapa tse robehileng moo maro a chekang a lahlehang teng
koala mekhoa e matla a tlase e le hore matla a phahameng (le khatello e phahameng ka kakaretso) a ka phunyeletsoa ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng.
koala libaka tse nang le khatello e phahameng e le hore likhatello tse tlase li ka chekoa ka sekhahla sa mokelikeli o tlase oa ho cheka.
koala lintho tse khathatsang, tse kang letsoai le phallang
ikamahanye le litlhoko tsa taolo (hangata li amana le e 'ngoe ea lintlha tse thathamisitsoeng ka holimo).
Casing
Pipe ea bophara bo boholo e theoleloa ka lesobeng le bulehileng 'me ea kenngoa samente sebakeng seo.Moqapi oa seliba o tlameha ho rala mokotla ho mamella matla a fapaneng, joalo ka ho putlama, ho phatloha le ho se sebetse hantle, hammoho le metsi a nang le lik'hemik'hale tse matla.Likopano tse ngata tsa casing li entsoe ka likhoele tsa banna ka lehlakoreng le leng, 'me likhoele tse telele tse khutšoanyane tse nang le likhoele tse tšehali li sebelisoa ho kopanya manonyeletso ka bomong a casing hammoho, kapa manonyeletso a casing a ka etsoa ka likhoele tsa banna ka lehlakoreng le leng le likhoele tse tšehali lehlakoreng le leng. tse ding.Casing e tsamaisoa ho sireletsa libopeho tsa metsi a hloekileng, ho arola sebaka se lahlehileng, kapa ho arola libopeho tse nang le likhatello tse fapaneng haholo.Ts'ebetso eo ka nako eo casing e kenngoa ka har'a seliba hangata e bitsoa "peipi e mathang."Hangata, casing e etsoa ka tšepe ea plain carbon e tšeloang mocheso ho ea ho matla a sa tšoaneng empa e ka 'na ea etsoa ka tšepe e sa hloekang, aluminium, titanium, fiberglass le lisebelisoa tse ling.
Hantle Taolo
Theknoloji e ne e tsepamisitse maikutlo ho boloka khatello holim'a libopeho tse bulehileng (ke hore, tse pepesehileng selibeng) ho thibela kapa ho tsamaisa phallo ea maro a sebopeho ka har'a seliba.Theknoloji ena e kenyelletsa khakanyo ea likhatello tsa mokelikeli oa sebopeho, matla a libopeho tse ka tlas'a lefatše le tšebeliso ea casing le seretse se teteaneng ho felisa likhatello tseo ka mokhoa o ka lebelloang esale pele.Ho boetse ho kenyelelitsoe mekhoa ea ts'ebetso ea ho thibela seliba ho phalla ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng haeba ho ka ba le phallo ea mokelikeli o entsoeng.Ho tsamaisa mekhoa ea ho laola hantle, li-valve tse kholo li kenngoa ka holim'a seliba ho nolofalletsa basebeletsi ba seliba ho koala seliba ha ho hlokahala.
Kopa Pipe
Tubular steel conduit e kentsoeng lipheletsong tse khethehileng tse khoele tse bitsoang li-tool joints.Pipe ea ho phunya e hokahanya lisebelisoa tsa holim'a sekontiri le motsoako oa botlaaseng le karoloana, ka bobeli ho pompa mokelikeli oa ho phunya ho karoloana le ho khona ho phahamisa, ho theola le ho potoloha kopano ea lesoba le tlase.
Liner
Khoele ea casing e sa feteleng ka holim'a seliba, empa ho e-na le hoo e ankora kapa e fanyehiloe ho tloha ka tlaase ho khoele ea casing e fetileng.Ha ho na phapang pakeng tsa li-casing joints ka botsona.Molemo ho moqapi oa seliba oa liner ke chelete e ngata ea ho boloka tšepe, ka hona litšenyehelo tsa lichelete.Ho boloka casing, leha ho le joalo, lisebelisoa tse eketsehileng le kotsi lia ameha.Moqapi oa seliba o tlameha ho rekisa lisebelisoa tse eketsehileng, mathata le likotsi khahlanong le chelete e ka bang teng ea ho boloka chelete ha a etsa qeto ea hore na a etse moralo oa liner kapa khoele ea casing e eang holimo ho seliba ("khoele e telele").Liner e ka kenngoa ka likarolo tse khethehileng e le hore e ka kopanngoa le holimo ka nako e itseng ha ho hlokahala.
Choke Line
Peipi e nang le khatello e phahameng e tlohang setsing sa BOP ho ea mokokotlong oa mokokotlo le mefuta e mengata e amanang le eona.Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ho laola hantle, mokelikeli o tlas'a khatello selibeng o phalla ho tsoa selibeng ka mohala oa ho khangoa ho ea ho khangoa, ho fokotsa khatello ea metsi ho ea moeeng.Lits'ebetsong tse phaphametseng tsa lebopong, likhoele le ho bolaea li tsoa mokolokong oa BOP o ka tlas'a leoatle, ebe li matha ka ntle ho seiponeng sa ho cheka holimo.Litholoana tsa volumetric le frictional tsa mela e telele ea ho choke le ho bolaea li tlameha ho nkoa e le ho laola seliba hantle.
Bop Stack
Sehlopha sa BOPs tse peli kapa ho feta tse sebelisetsoang ho netefatsa taolo ea khatello ea seliba.Mekgobo e tlwaelehileng e ka ba le dithibelo tsa mofuta o le mong ho isa ho tse tsheletseng, mme, ka boikgethelo, e le nngwe kapa tse pedi tse thibelang mofuta wa annular.Tlhophiso e tloaelehileng ea stack e na le lithibela-mafu tse ka tlase le tse thibelang selemo holimo.
Tlhophiso ea li-blockers tsa stack e ntlafalitsoe ho fana ka botšepehi bo phahameng ba khatello, polokeho le ho feto-fetoha ha maemo ha ho etsahala ketsahalo ea ho laola seliba.Ka mohlala, ka tlhophiso ea lipheleu tse ngata, sehlopha se le seng sa lipheleu se ka kenngoa hore se koaloe holim'a pompo ea bophara ba 5-in, sete e 'ngoe e etselitsoe pompo ea 4 1/2-in, ea boraro e kentsoe lipheleu tse foufetseng ho koala lesoba, le ea bone e kentsoeng pheleu e kuta e khonang ho khaola le ho leketlisa pompong e le khetho ea ho qetela.
Ho tloaelehile ho ba le annular preventer kapa tse peli ka holim'a stack kaha li-annular li ka koaloa holim'a mefuta e mengata ea boholo ba li-tubular le openhole, empa ka tloaelo ha li lekane bakeng sa likhatello tse phahameng ho feta tse thibelang lipheleu.The BOP stack e boetse e kenyelletsa li-spools tse fapaneng, li-adapter le liphaephe tse lumellang ho tsamaisoa ha maro a seliba tlas'a khatello haeba ho ka ba le ketsahalo ea taolo ea seliba.
Koka Mekhafetsa
Sehlopha sa li-valve tse nang le khatello e phahameng le liphaephe tse amanang le tsona tseo hangata li kenyelletsang bonyane likheo tse peli tse khonang ho lokisoa, tse hlophisitsoeng e le hore ho khangoa ho le mong ho ka arohanngoa le ho tlosoa mosebetsing bakeng sa ho lokisoa le ho nchafatsoa ha seliba se ntse se phalla ka se seng.
Letamo
Sebaka se ka tlas'a lefatše sa majoe se nang le porosity e lekaneng le ho kenella ka hare ho metsi ho boloka le ho fetisa maro.Sedimentary rocks ke mafika a atileng haholo a polokelo hobane a na le porosity e ngata ho feta majoe a mangata a igneous le metamorphic mme a theha tlas'a maemo a mocheso moo hydrocarbons e ka bolokehang.Letamo ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea sistimi e felletseng ea peterole.
Qetello
Thepa e sebelisetsoang ho ntlafatsa tlhahiso ea li-hydrocarbon tse tsoang selibeng.Sena se ka fapana ho tloha ho letho haese sephuthelo sa tubing ka holim'a ho phethoa ha openhole (ho phetheloa ha "barefoot"), ho ea ho sistimi ea lisebelisoa tsa mochini tse sefang kantle ho phaephe e nang le pente, ho isa ho tekanyo e ikemetseng le sistimi ea taolo e ntlafatsang moruo oa polokelo ntle le ho kenella ha motho. phetho "bohlale".
Tlhahiso ea Tubing
Tubula e tsoang selibeng e sebelisetsoang ho hlahisa maro a polokelo.Li-tubing tsa tlhahiso li kopantsoe le likarolo tse ling tsa ho phethela ho etsa khoele ea tlhahiso.Li-tubing tsa tlhahiso tse khethiloeng bakeng sa ho phethoa leha e le life li lokela ho lumellana le geometry ea seliba, litšobotsi tsa tlhahiso ea letamo le maro a polokelo.
Ente Line
Motsoako o nang le bophara bo bonyenyane o tsamaisoang hammoho le li-tubular tsa tlhahiso ho nolofalletsa ente ea li-inhibitors kapa liphekolo tse tšoanang nakong ea tlhahiso.Maemo a kang a phahameng a hydrogen sulfide [H2S] kapa ho beha sekala se matla ho ka hanyetsoa ka ente ea lik'hemik'hale le li-inhibitors nakong ea tlhahiso.
Inhibitor
Sehlahisoa sa lik'hemik'hale se kenyellelitsoeng tsamaisong ea mokelikeli ho thibela kapa ho thibela karabelo e sa rateheng e hlahang ka har'a mokelikeli kapa ka lisebelisoa tse teng tikolohong e potolohileng.Mefuta e mengata ea li-inhibitors e atisa ho sebelisoa ha ho etsoa le ho sebeletsa liliba tsa oli le khase, tse kang corrosion inhibitors tse sebelisoang ho phekola acidizing ho thibela tšenyo ea likaroloana tsa wellbore le li-inhibitors tse sebelisoang nakong ea tlhahiso ho laola phello ea hydrogen sulfide [H2S].
Ente ea lik'hemik'hale
Lentsoe le akaretsang bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa ente tse sebelisang litharollo tse khethehileng tsa lik'hemik'hale ho ntlafatsa ho hlaphoheloa ha oli, ho tlosa tšenyo ea sebopeho, ho hloekisa libotlolo tse koetsoeng kapa likarolo tsa sebopeho, ho fokotsa kapa ho thibela kutu, ho ntlafatsa oli e tala, kapa ho rarolla mathata a netefatso ea phallo ea oli.Ente e ka sebelisoa kamehla, ka lihlopha, ka lilibeng tsa ente, kapa ka linako tse ling lilibeng tsa tlhahiso.
Nako ea poso: Apr-27-2022